The 48th Fighter Wing received their first F15E
"Strike Eagle" on February 15, 1992. By December 1992, all the wing’s
F-111Fs departed for units within the United States, signifying yet another
historic precedent for the Liberty Wing.
No sooner had the F-15Es arrived at Lakenheath than
the 48th received word that it would be receiving additional aircraft. But,
unlike the wing’s previous 50 years of air-to-ground operational history,
this time the mission would be air superiority. Beginning in November 1993,
F-15Cs began touching down at RAF Lakenheath with the familiar gold and
black tails of the 493rd Fighter Squadron which subsequently activated on
January 1, 1994 to facilitate the new mission. Not only did this set a
historical precedent in the 48th’s 50-plus year history, the 493rd’s new
mission set further records when the 48th became the largest F-15E/F-15C
composite unit in the U.S. Air Force. No sooner had the 493rd Fighter
Squadron’s state of the art F-15Cs touched down on Lakenheath when they were
called to support the no-fly zones above Iraq and later Bosnia as part of
Operations PROVIDE COMFORT and DELIBERATE GUARD, operations which the
squadron continues to support.
During 1995, 492nd, 493rd and 494th FS aircrews and
support people deployed 330 days to Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, and Aviano
Air Base, Italy, to support Operations Provide Comfort and Deny Flight. They
amassed 1,384 hours in 576 sorties at Aviano and 7,245 hours in 2,718
sorties at Incirlik with only one Class B mishap: an unavoidable bird
strike.
For Operation Deliberate Force, the 48th FW, along
with other coalition forces, was charged with four objectives: Ensuring the
Bosnian Serbs stopped shelling Sarajevo and other safe areas; Forcing the
withdrawal of Bosnian Serb heavy weapons from an exclusion zone around
Sarajevo; Giving U.N. forces and other non-government officials complete
freedom of movement; and allowing unrestricted use of the Sarajevo airport.
The NATO operation began Aug. 30, 1996, two days after a horrifying mortar
shell attack killed 37 people shopping in a jammed Sarajevo marketplace.
After NATO commanders confirmed Bosnia Serbia was behind the shelling, the
alliance unleashed a multinational team of fighters on that country's air
defense missile sites, radar sites and communication facilities.
Participating in the precision air strikes was the 48th Fighter Wing at
Royal Air Force Base Lakenheath, England. After nearly one month of
precision bombings, coalition forces met the objectives as shell-shocked
Bosnian Serbs discovered any differences were best settled at the
negotiating table rather than on the battlefield. That forced cease-fire
came from accords hammered out at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, in
September 1995. But before the warring factions - specifically Bosnian Serbs
- laid down their arms, it took a convincing one-month show of airpower
called Operation Deliberate Force to jump-start the peace process.
Even though the Liberty Wing’s excellent record and
string of historical precedents set it in the forefront of Air Force
history, the wing made world history between October 1998-June 1999 when it
was called to simultaneously support two separate air operations from three
separate geographic locations. The wing deployed 12 F-15Cs to Cervia Air
Base, Italy, in October 1998, while F-15Es deployed to Turkey in December
and began dropping precision-guided munitions on Iraqi surface-to-air
threats. Meanwhile, additional F-15Es deployed to Italy over Serbian
intransigence regarding atrocities against Kosovar Albanians by Serbian
military units. In the meantime, F-15Cs deployed to Turkey to fulfill the
air superiority mission above Iraq followed by an additional 12 F-15Cs
deployed to Italy for Operation ALLIED FORCE. In a truly astounding feat of
military logistics, airmanship and maintenance by ground crews, the wing
engaged hostile forces in both Iraq and Serbia from two locations in Italy
and Turkey and later the United Kingdom. What made the feat even more
astounding was that the wing flew over 1,000 combat missions without losing
one aircraft or aircrew—another precedent in the wing’s long history.
In February-March 1999 the 48th Fighter Wing deployed
more than 40 aircraft and 500 people to Aviano Air Base and Cervia Air Base
in Italy in support of possible air combat operations over the former
Republic of Yugoslavia. On 24 March 1999 NATO's air campaign against Serbian
leader Slobodan Milosevic begins. Liberty Wing F-15E Strike Eagles assigned
to the 494th Expeditionary Fighter Squadron at Aviano AB, Italy, and 493rd
Expeditionary Fighter Squadron F-15C Eagles at Cervia AB, Italy, begin
conducting combat missions over the former Yugoslavia. The Liberty Wing
members accomplished several firsts. The first time a wing conducted combat
operations simultaneously from three locations (home, Aviano and Cervia).
The first combat use ever of AGM-130 (first used by the wing in Operation
Northern Watch and then multiple uses in Operation Allied Force), and first
use of the GBU-28, 5,000 pound "bunker-buster" bomb (both munitions can only
be employed by the F-15E). Also, the wing's F-15C's scored the first
shootdown of the operation, for a total of four MiG kills. On 24 March 1999
Liberty Wing pilots assigned to the 493rd Expeditionary Fighter Squadron
deployed to Cervia AB, Italy, shot down two Serbian MiG-29 aircraft during
the first day of NATO's air campaign, Operation ALLIED FORCE. The 'Grim
Reapers' (the nickname of the 493rd FS) shot down two more Serbian MiGs in
air-to-air combat later in March, giving them the most air-to-air 'kills' of
the NATO air campaign.
In April 1999 Liberty Wing F-15E Strike Eagles employ
the first GBU-28 'Bunker Buster' bomb used during Operation ALLIED FORCE,
the combat air campaign over the former Yugoslavia. Liberty Wing aircrews
were also the first to employ this formidable munition over Iraq during
Operation DESERT STORM. During May and June 1999, for the first time since
the El Dorado Canyon raids over Libya, combat operations are conducted
directly from RAF Lakenheath. F-15E Strike Eagles assigned to the 492nd
Expeditionary Fighter Squadron strike targets in Yugoslavia and join other
NATO air forces in conducting the air campaign against Serbia. This marked
the second time in four months that the Liberty Wing found itself conducting
combat operations simultaneously from three different locations: RAF
Lakenheath, England; Aviano Air Base, Italy; and Cervia Air Base, Italy.
Amid a festive atmosphere on the flightline here of
people cheering and waving miniature American flags, balloons swaying and
patriotic music blaring, the Liberty Wing celebrated a homecoming in late
June 1999. Family and friends joined co-workers, supervisors, first
sergeants and other senior base leaders in welcoming home members of the
48th Fighter Wing who were deployed to Aviano and Cervia air bases in Italy,
and to Turkey in support of Operation Allied Force. With the decision to
start redeploying U.S. forces, about 500 people and 44 F-15 aircraft arrived
June 24 to 27, and included about 60 members of the 48th Medical Group who
were deployed to Turkey. Most of the wing's deployed population returned
home during the following two weeks, which made this the first time since
November 1998 that almost everyone will be home.
In mid-1991 the Air Force converted its fighter wings
to the objective wing organization. In 1992, the 48th Tactical Fighter Wing
reorganized to become the 48th Fighter Wing with a logistics group,
operations group, medical group and support group. One of the biggest
changes was the activation of the 48th Operations Support Squadron under the
operations group in March 1992.
Assuming many diverse wing functions, the 48th OSS has
six unique flights:
The Airfield operations Flight controls all aircraft
that enter the Lakenheath and Mildenhall Military Air Traffic Zone. Radar
Approach Control is responsible for all aircraft movement on and around RAF
Lakenheath. They also provide radar service to many civilian aircraft that
fly in East Anglia. RAPCON’s job is to make sure all these aircraft,
military and civilian, are deconflicted from one another while flying in the
local area. Control tower personnel monitor and control all aircraft
movement on the base and all airborne aircraft in the visual traffic
pattern. The base operations section conducts daily inspections and
maintains the entire airfield infrastructure to ensure a safe flying
operation. Airfield operations flight controlled the takeoffs and departures
of 1,139 tanker and 119 fighter combat missions from RAF Lakenheath and RAF
Mildenhall during Operation Allied Force. During normal peacetime training
operations, they control more than 68,000 takeoffs, departures and
recoveries per year. With manning as low as 62 percent at times, airfield
operations’ "can-do" attitude exemplifies the professionalism of the 48th
OSS.
The Weather Flight is entirely focused on providing
accurate weather products that allow Liberty Wing Warriors to deliver bombs
on target and kill MiGs. As recently as 1999, the combat weather team was
the winner of the Williams Award. This prestigious award goes to the most
outstanding Air Force weather flight performing aerospace weather
operations.
The Maintenance Management flight is like your mother
who tells you to eat your vegetables and exercise more. They are responsible
for the long-term health of wing aircraft and they administer the
maintenance side of the wing flying hour program. This flight adapted new
measures to streamline parts supply to "phase" inspections. This produced a
completed phase every other day during Operation Allied Force – a remarkable
record. Also, this flight is recognized in USAFE as the current expert in
reliability and maintainability information system applications and reports.
These accomplishments, along with many others, led the aircraft maintenance
consulting action team to recognize the flight as "the best analysis flight
within USAFE."
The Intelligence Flight uses state-of-the-art
technology to give commanders and combat crews the most up-to-date and
accurate enemy order of battle. Tailoring their products to three fighter
squadrons for any worldwide area of responsibility is no easy undertaking.
The flight proved they were up to the task when they supported simultaneous
operations by 48th FW aircraft and crews during Operations Allied Force and
Northern Watch from four different locations. They provided timely and
critical intelligence for combat operations flown from Aviano Air Base and
Cervia Air Base, Italy, Incirlik Air Base, Turkey, and RAF Lakenheath.
The Standardization Flight standardizes how Liberty
Wing warriors prosecute the war. Through published employment standards and
quarterly wing Top Gun competitions, weapons and tactics ensures that the
tip of the 48th FW’s fighting sword is razor sharp. One of the most
important programs the flight oversees is strike aircrew certification.
After a grueling week of intensive study (with no flying), crews are grilled
by a panel of experts to determine if they properly can execute this
demanding mission.
The Current Operations flight is as diverse as the
48th OSS itself. Current ops is composed of flight records, wing life
support, wing scheduling, wing training and aircrew training devices. These
varied functions publish the daily flying schedule, monitor the status of
aircrew training, document aircrew flight status and provide training and
equipment to aircrew so they can survive the threat in any environment
should they ever have to eject from their aircraft.
In addition to these
six flights there are four organizations that are administratively attached
to the squadron. These professionals report directly to the operations group
commander on their functional area but are part of the 48th OSS family in
all other areas. Standardization and evaluation publishes the flying
standards all aircrew follow and ensures all flyers in the wing meet
demanding criteria through a formal checkride every 18 months. Quality
assurance performs the same function as standardization and evaluation but
for all the maintainers in the wing. They also manage the functional check
flight program in the wing that scrutinizes the work performed on an
aircraft that has undergone major maintenance. Weapons standardization
ensures that all weapons loaders in the wing meet a demanding level of
performance. The advanced programs office is responsible for future hardware
and software upgrades to wing F-15s